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The statements which are used to execute only specific block of statements in a series of blocks are called case control statements.

There are 4 types of case control statements in C language. They are,

switch
break
continue
goto

1. switch case statement in C:

Switch case statements are used to execute only specific case statements based on the switch expression.
Below is the syntax for switch case statement.

switch (expression)
{
case label1: statements;
break;
case label2: statements;
break;
case label3: statements;
break;
default: statements;
break;
}

Example program for switch..case statement in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
   int value = 3;
   switch(value)
   {
     case 1:
     printf(“Value is 1 \n” );
     break;

     case 2:
     printf(“Value is 2 \n” );
     break;

     case 3:
     printf(“Value is 3 \n” );
     break;

     case 4:
     printf(“Value is 4 \n” );
     break;

     default :
     printf(“Value is other than 1,2,3,4 \n” );
   }
   return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>

int main ()

{

int value = 3;

switch(value)

{

case 1:

printf(“Value is 1 \n” );

break;

case 2:

printf(“Value is 2 \n” );

break;

case 3:

printf(“Value is 3 \n” );

break;

case 4:

printf(“Value is 4 \n” );

break;

default :

printf(“Value is other than 1,2,3,4 \n” );

}

return 0;

}

Output:

Value is 3

2. break statement in C:

Break statement is used to terminate the while loops, switch case loops and for loops from the subsequent execution.
Syntax: break;

Example program for break statement in C:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int i;

   for(i=0;i<10;i++)
   {
     if(i==5)
     {
        printf("\nComing out of for loop when i = 5");
        break;
     }
     printf("%d ",i);
   }
}

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int i;

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{

if(i==5)

{

printf("\nComing out of for loop when i = 5");

break;

}

printf("%d ",i);

}

Output:

0 1 2 3 4
Coming out of for loop when i = 5

3. Continue statement in C:

Continue statement is used to continue the next iteration of for loop, while loop and do-while loops. So, the remaining statements are skipped within the loop for that particular iteration.
Syntax : continue;

Example program for continue statement in C:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int i;
   for(i=0;i<10;i++)
   {
     if(i==5 || i==6)
     {
       printf("\nSkipping %d from display using " \
       "continue statement \n",i);
       continue;
     }
     printf("%d ",i);
   }
}

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int i;

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{

if(i==5 || i==6)

{

printf("\nSkipping %d from display using " \

"continue statement \n",i);

continue;

}

printf("%d ",i);

}

Output:

0 1 2 3 4

Skipping 5 from display using continue statement
Skipping 6 from display using continue statement
7 8 9

4. goto statement in C:

goto statements is used to transfer the normal flow of a program to the specified label in the program.
Below is the syntax for goto statement in C.

{
…….
go to label;
…….
…….
LABEL:
statements;
}

Example program for goto statement in C:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int i;
   for(i=0;i<10;i++)
     {
   if(i==5)
   {
     printf("\nWe are using goto statement when i = 5");
     goto HAI;
   }
   printf("%d ",i);
}

HAI : printf("\nNow, we are inside label name \"hai\" \n");
}

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int i;

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{

if(i==5)

{

printf("\nWe are using goto statement when i = 5");

goto HAI;

}

printf("%d ",i);

}

HAI : printf("\nNow, we are inside label name \"hai\" \n");

}

Output:

0 1 2 3 4
We are using goto statement when i = 5
Now, we are inside label name “hai”

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